25 French Prepositions to Navigate Everyday Conversations

Updated on 2024-08-18

Prepositions are the glue that holds sentences together, allowing us to express relationships between words. In French, these small but mighty words are crucial for clear communication. Let's explore 25 common French prepositions that will help you navigate everyday conversations with ease.

Location and Direction

  • à (at, to): Je vais à Paris. (I'm going to Paris.)
  • dans (in, inside): Le chat est dans la boîte. (The cat is in the box.)
  • sur (on, upon): Le livre est sur la table. (The book is on the table.)
  • sous (under): Le chien dort sous le lit. (The dog sleeps under the bed.)
  • devant (in front of): La voiture est garée devant la maison. (The car is parked in front of the house.)
  • derrière (behind): Le jardin est derrière la maison. (The garden is behind the house.)

Time and Duration

  • pendant (during, for): J'ai vécu en France pendant deux ans. (I lived in France for two years.)
  • depuis (since, for): J'habite ici depuis 2010. (I've been living here since 2010.)
  • avant (before): Mangez avant midi. (Eat before noon.)
  • après (after): Nous partirons après le dîner. (We'll leave after dinner.)

Possession and Origin

  • de (of, from): C'est le livre de Marie. (It's Marie's book.)
  • du (of the, from the - masculine): Je viens du Canada. (I come from Canada.)
  • des (of the, from the - plural): La qualité des produits est excellente. (The quality of the products is excellent.)

Purpose and Cause

  • pour (for, in order to): Je l'ai fait pour toi. (I did it for you.)
  • par (by, through): Le message a été envoyé par email. (The message was sent by email.)
  • en (in, by): Nous voyageons en train. (We're traveling by train.)

Other Essential Prepositions

  • avec (with): Je sors avec mes amis. (I'm going out with my friends.)
  • sans (without): Un café sans sucre, s'il vous plaît. (A coffee without sugar, please.)
  • chez (at someone's place/house): Nous dînons chez Paul ce soir. (We're having dinner at Paul's tonight.)
  • vers (towards, around): Le train part vers 18h. (The train leaves around 6 PM.)

Compound Prepositions

  • à côté de (next to): La pharmacie est à côté de la boulangerie. (The pharmacy is next to the bakery.)
  • en face de (opposite, across from): L'école est en face de l'église. (The school is opposite the church.)
  • au lieu de (instead of): Prenons le bus au lieu du métro. (Let's take the bus instead of the subway.)
  • grâce à (thanks to): Grâce à son aide, j'ai réussi l'examen. (Thanks to his help, I passed the exam.)
  • à cause de (because of): Le match est annulé à cause de la pluie. (The match is cancelled because of the rain.)

Mastering these prepositions will significantly improve your French communication skills. Practice using them in various contexts to become more fluent and natural in your expression.

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