How to use "lui" and "leur" in French

Understanding when and how to use "lui" and "leur" in French can be tricky for English speakers. These indirect object pronouns are essential for smooth communication in French. Let's break down their usage with some practical examples.

What are "lui" and "leur"?

"Lui" and "leur" are indirect object pronouns in French:

• "Lui" means "to him" or "to her"
• "Leur" means "to them"

When to use "lui" and "leur"

Use these pronouns when referring to indirect objects that have been previously mentioned or are understood in the context.

Examples with "lui"

• Je parle à Marie. → Je lui parle. (I'm talking to Marie. → I'm talking to her.)
• Il donne un livre à son frère. → Il lui donne un livre. (He gives a book to his brother. → He gives him a book.)

Examples with "leur"

• Nous écrivons aux étudiants. → Nous leur écrivons. (We write to the students. → We write to them.)
• Elle offre des cadeaux à ses parents. → Elle leur offre des cadeaux. (She gives gifts to her parents. → She gives them gifts.)

Position in sentences

"Lui" and "leur" typically come before the verb:

• Je lui ai envoyé un email. (I sent him/her an email.)
• Nous leur avons expliqué la situation. (We explained the situation to them.)

Common mistakes to avoid

1. Don't confuse "lui" (indirect object) with "le/la" (direct object):

   • Je lui parle. (I talk to him/her.) vs. Je le vois. (I see him.)

2. Remember that "leur" doesn't change for gender:

   • Je leur parle. (I talk to them. - for both male and female groups)

By mastering the use of "lui" and "leur", you'll be able to express yourself more naturally and efficiently in French conversations.