How to Use the Subjonctif in French

The subjunctive mood in French often confuses English speakers because it's used more frequently and in different contexts than in English. This guide will help you understand when and how to use the subjonctif in French.

When to Use the Subjunctive

The subjunctive is used to express:

1. Doubt or uncertainty
2. Wishes or desires
3. Necessity
4. Emotions or feelings

Common Triggers

Certain phrases often trigger the use of the subjunctive:

• Il faut que... (It is necessary that...)
• Je veux que... (I want that...)
• Il est important que... (It's important that...)
• Bien que... (Although...)

Formation

To form the subjunctive:

1. Take the present tense "ils/elles" form
2. Remove the -ent ending
3. Add the appropriate endings: -e, -es, -e, -ions, -iez, -ent

Example with "parler":

• Je parle
• Tu parles
• Il/Elle/On parle
• Nous parlions
• Vous parliez
• Ils/Elles parlent

Examples in Context

1. Doubt: "Je doute qu'il vienne." (I doubt that he will come.)
2. Wish: "Je souhaite que tu réussisses." (I wish that you succeed.)
3. Necessity: "Il faut que nous partions maintenant." (We must leave now.)
4. Emotion: "Je suis content que tu sois là." (I'm happy that you're here.)

Tips for English Speakers

• Practice recognizing subjunctive triggers.
• Remember that many expressions of opinion or emotion use the subjunctive.
• The subjunctive often appears in dependent clauses, following "que."

Understanding the subjunctive takes time, but with practice, you'll start to use it naturally in your French conversations.